Career

Overtime Pay Calculator

Calculate your regular pay, overtime pay, total gross pay, and effective hourly rate. See weekly, biweekly, and monthly projections.

Quick Answer

Under the Fair Labor Standards Act (FLSA), non-exempt employees must receive overtime pay at 1.5x their regular rate for hours worked beyond 40 in a workweek. So at $25/hr, 10 hours of overtime earns $375 in OT pay (10 x $37.50), bringing weekly gross to $1,375. Some states and contracts provide double time for certain hours.

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Results

Total Weekly Gross
$1,375.00
50 hours worked
Overtime Pay
$375.00
at $37.50/hr
Effective Hourly Rate
$27.50
avg across all hours

Weekly Pay Breakdown

Regular pay (40 hrs x $25.00)$1,000.00
Overtime pay (10 hrs x $37.50)$375.00
Total weekly gross$1,375.00

Regular vs. Overtime Pay

Regular Pay$1,000.00
$1,000.00
Overtime Pay$375.00
$375.00

Overtime adds $375.00 (37.5% boost) to your weekly pay.

Pay Projections

Weekly$1,375.00
Biweekly$2,750.00
Monthly (avg)$5,957.88
Annual (52 weeks)$71,500.00

Projections assume consistent hours every week. Actual pay may vary.

Important Note

This calculator shows gross pay before taxes and deductions. Federal income tax, state tax, Social Security (6.2%), and Medicare (1.45%) will reduce your take-home pay. Overtime income may push you into a higher tax bracket for the incremental earnings. Consult a tax professional for net pay estimates.

About This Tool

The Overtime Pay Calculator computes your regular pay, overtime pay, total gross earnings, and effective hourly rate based on your hourly wage, standard hours, overtime hours, and overtime rate multiplier. It also projects your earnings across weekly, biweekly, monthly, and annual periods to help you plan your finances and evaluate whether overtime is worth the extra hours.

How Overtime Pay Works Under the FLSA

The Fair Labor Standards Act (FLSA) is the federal law governing overtime pay in the United States. It requires employers to pay non-exempt employees at least 1.5 times their regular rate of pay for all hours worked beyond 40 in a single workweek. This is commonly called "time and a half." The regular rate includes not just the hourly wage but also non-discretionary bonuses, shift differentials, and certain other compensation. For example, if you earn $25 per hour, your overtime rate is $37.50 per hour. Working 10 hours of overtime in a week adds $375 to your paycheck beyond the $1,000 in regular pay, bringing the total to $1,375.

Who Qualifies for Overtime

Not all employees are entitled to overtime pay. The FLSA distinguishes between "exempt" and "non-exempt" employees. Non-exempt employees must receive overtime. Exempt employees, generally those in executive, administrative, or professional roles earning above a salary threshold (currently $35,568 per year under federal law, though many states set higher thresholds), are not entitled to overtime regardless of hours worked. Misclassification of employees as exempt is one of the most common wage theft violations. If you are hourly, you are almost always non-exempt. If you are salaried, your exemption status depends on your job duties and salary level, not just your title.

State Overtime Laws

Several states have overtime laws that exceed federal requirements. California is the most notable: it requires daily overtime (1.5x for hours 8-12 in a single day, 2x for hours beyond 12) in addition to weekly overtime. This means a California worker who works four 12-hour days receives daily overtime even though their weekly total is 48 hours, not just overtime for the 8 hours above 40. Other states with daily overtime include Alaska (after 8 hours), Colorado (after 12 hours), and Nevada (after 8 hours at less than 1.5x minimum wage). Some states also require double time for the 7th consecutive day worked. This calculator defaults to the federal standard of 1.5x but allows you to adjust the multiplier for state-specific or contractual rates.

The Real Cost of Overtime for Employers

From an employer's perspective, overtime is significantly more expensive than it appears. Beyond the 1.5x wage premium, employers pay additional payroll taxes (Social Security and Medicare) on overtime earnings, increased workers' compensation premiums (which are based on total payroll), and often higher costs from fatigue-related errors, accidents, and reduced productivity during extended shifts. Studies consistently show that productivity per hour declines significantly after 50 hours per week, and the accumulated fatigue from sustained overtime can actually result in less total output than a standard 40-hour week. This is why many employers hire additional staff rather than rely on overtime when demand consistently exceeds capacity.

Overtime and Tax Implications

A common misconception is that overtime is "taxed more" than regular pay. In reality, all income is taxed at the same marginal rates. What happens is that overtime increases your total income, which may push a portion of your earnings into a higher tax bracket. For example, if your regular pay puts you at the top of the 22% bracket, overtime earnings might be taxed at 24%. But only the amount exceeding the bracket threshold is taxed at the higher rate, not all of your income. The higher withholding on overtime paychecks is simply your employer estimating your annual income based on that paycheck's size, which often results in a tax refund when you file your return if overtime is irregular. This calculator shows gross pay; your net pay after taxes will depend on your filing status, deductions, and state tax rates.

Frequently Asked Questions

How do you calculate overtime pay?
Multiply your regular hourly rate by the overtime multiplier (typically 1.5x for time-and-a-half), then multiply by the number of overtime hours. For example: $25/hr x 1.5 = $37.50 OT rate. 10 OT hours x $37.50 = $375 in overtime pay. Add this to your regular pay ($25 x 40 = $1,000) for total weekly gross of $1,375.
When does overtime start?
Under federal law (FLSA), overtime begins after 40 hours in a workweek. Some states like California require daily overtime after 8 hours in a single day. Your employer may define the workweek differently (it doesn't have to be Monday-Friday), but it must be a fixed, recurring 168-hour period. Hours cannot be averaged across multiple weeks unless you have a specific alternative work schedule agreement.
Is overtime taxed at a higher rate?
No, overtime is not taxed at a special higher rate. All income is taxed at the same marginal rates. However, overtime may push some earnings into a higher tax bracket, and your employer may withhold more per paycheck since withholding is estimated based on each pay period. This often results in a larger tax refund if overtime is irregular. Your effective tax rate on overtime is the same as any other income.
What is the difference between time and a half and double time?
Time and a half (1.5x) is the federal minimum overtime rate — your hourly rate multiplied by 1.5. Double time (2x) is your rate times 2, typically required by certain state laws or union contracts. In California, double time applies after 12 hours in a single day and for all hours on the 7th consecutive workday. Some union contracts provide triple time for holidays.
Am I exempt or non-exempt from overtime?
Exemption depends on your salary and job duties, not your title. Under federal law, you must earn at least $35,568/year ($684/week) AND perform executive, administrative, or professional duties to be exempt. Hourly employees are almost always non-exempt. If you're unsure, check with your state's labor department — many states have higher salary thresholds. Misclassification is a common wage violation.
Can my employer force me to work overtime?
In most states, yes. There is no federal law limiting the number of hours an employer can require you to work if you're over 18. However, the employer must pay proper overtime rates. Some states limit mandatory overtime for healthcare workers. Union contracts often restrict mandatory overtime. Refusing mandatory overtime may be grounds for termination in at-will employment states, though there are exceptions for safety concerns.